Conditions de Santé Associées aux: Blessures Sportives des Ischio-Jambiers
- Contusions des Ischio-Jambiers
- Tendinopathies des Ischio-Jambiers
- Déchirures Musculaires des Ischio-Jambiers
- Élongations des Ischio-Jambiers
- Blessures Sportives des Ischio-Jambiers
Blessures Sportives
Explorez le Modèle Anatomique : Sélectionnez une Partie du Corps pour Découvrir vos Blessures Sportives associées
Écouter notre Podcast
Découvrez notre podcast « Blessures Sportives », dédié aux lésions sportives des ischio-jambiers. Dans chaque épisode, le Dr Sylvain Desforges, expert de la Clinique TAGMED, vous guide à […]
Sommaire de "Contusions des Ischio-Jambiers dans le Cadre des Blessures Sportives"
Les contusions des ischio-jambiers, situées à l'arrière de la cuisse, sont des blessures fréquentes chez les athlètes, résultant souvent d'un traumatisme direct ou de microtraumatismes répétés. Bien que souvent considérées comme mineures, ces blessures peuvent entraîner une douleur intense, un gonflement et une limitation de la mobilité, affectant la performance sportive. Ce guide aborde les mécanismes, les symptômes, le diagnostic, les traitements conventionnels et complémentaires, ainsi que les stratégies de prévention pour une prise en charge efficace des contusions des ischio-jambiers.
Top 5 Trucs
- Évaluer la gravité de la contusion pour déterminer le traitement approprié.
- Utiliser des techniques de réhabilitation comme le laser et les ondes de choc pour favoriser la guérison.
- Adopter une approche préventive avec un entraînement physique adapté et des équipements de protection.
- Surveiller les symptômes et consulter un professionnel de santé pour un suivi régulier.
- Intégrer des stratégies nutritionnelles pour soutenir la récupération musculaire.
Tableau comparatif
| Type de Traitement | Clinique TAGMED | Traitements Conventionnels |
|---|---|---|
| Décompression neurovertébrale | Non applicable | Non applicable |
| Thérapie au laser | Oui | Non |
| Shockwave | Oui | Non |
| Naturopathie | Oui | Non |
| Médecine manuelle | Oui | Non |
| Médication | Non | Oui |
| Injections | Non | Oui |
| Physiothérapie/Réadaptation | Non | Oui |
Contusions des Ischio-Jambiers dans le Cadre des Blessures Sportives
Introduction
Les ischio-jambiers, situés à l’arrière de la cuisse, sont essentiels pour la flexion du genou et l’extension de la hanche, jouant un rôle crucial lors des activités sportives telles que la course, les sprints et les sauts. Les contusions des ischio-jambiers résultent d’un traumatisme direct ou d’une accumulation de microtraumatismes, entraînant la rupture de petits vaisseaux sanguins dans les tissus musculaires. Bien que souvent considérées comme des blessures mineures, ces contusions peuvent provoquer une douleur intense, un gonflement et une limitation de la mobilité, altérant ainsi la performance sportive. Ce guide exhaustif, structuré en neuf sections détaillées, aborde la définition et la description, les mécanismes et causes, la symptomatologie, le diagnostic, les approches thérapeutiques complémentaires, le traitement médical conventionnel, la réadaptation et le retour progressif à l’activité, les stratégies de prévention ainsi que les perspectives pour une prise en charge globale des contusions des ischio-jambiers.
1. Définition et Description
Les contusions des ischio-jambiers se définissent comme des traumatismes des tissus mous survenant dans les muscles situés à l’arrière de la cuisse. Elles résultent de la rupture des petits capillaires, ce qui provoque une infiltration de sang dans le muscle et engendre la formation d’un hématome. Cette lésion se manifeste par une douleur localisée, un gonflement et souvent des ecchymoses. La gravité de la contusion varie en fonction de l’intensité du traumatisme : une contusion légère se résorbe spontanément, tandis qu’une contusion plus sévère peut entraîner une inflammation prolongée et une limitation fonctionnelle notable.
2. Mécanismes et Causes Principales
2.1 Traumatisme Direct et Impact Violent
Les contusions surviennent fréquemment à la suite d’un impact direct sur la cuisse, tel qu’un coup reçu lors d’un match de sport de contact ou une chute sur une surface dure. La force de l’impact provoque la rupture immédiate des capillaires, entraînant une infiltration de sang dans le tissu musculaire.
2.2 Microtraumatismes Répétés
Dans les sports impliquant des mouvements rapides et répétitifs, comme la course à pied ou le football, les ischio-jambiers subissent des microtraumatismes constants. Ces petites lésions, cumulées au fil du temps surtout sans périodes de récupération suffisantes, affaiblissent progressivement les tissus musculaires et favorisent la survenue de contusions récurrentes.
2.3 Surcharge Mécanique et Fatigue
Un entraînement intensif sans repos adéquat entraîne une fatigue musculaire chronique. Cette fatigue réduit la capacité des ischio-jambiers à absorber les impacts, rendant ainsi les capillaires plus vulnérables aux ruptures même lors de traumatismes mineurs.
2.4 Mouvements Brusques et Techniques Inadéquates
Des mouvements brusques, tels qu’un changement de direction soudain ou une contraction musculaire excessive lors d’un sprint, peuvent concentrer les forces sur une zone spécifique des ischio-jambiers. Une technique d’exécution inappropriée accentue ce stress localisé, augmentant le risque de contusion.
2.5 Facteurs de Risque Individuels
Plusieurs facteurs individuels prédisposent à la survenue de contusions des ischio-jambiers :
- Prédispositions Anatomiques : Variations dans la structure ou la souplesse des muscles qui peuvent diminuer leur résistance aux traumatismes.
- Fatigue et Récupération Insuffisante : Un entraînement intensif sans repos adéquat affaiblit les tissus musculaires.
- Antécédents de Blessures : Les sportifs ayant déjà subi des traumatismes dans la région sont plus vulnérables à de nouvelles contusions.
- Technique Inadéquate : Une mauvaise exécution des mouvements accentue les contraintes sur les ischio-jambiers, augmentant le risque de blessure.
3. Symptômes et Impact sur la Fonction
3.1 Douleur Immédiate et Persistante
La principale manifestation d’une contusion des ischio-jambiers est une douleur aiguë qui apparaît immédiatement après l’impact. Cette douleur, souvent ressentie comme une sensation de brûlure ou de tiraillement, persiste généralement plusieurs jours et limite l’aptitude à mobiliser la cuisse normalement.
3.2 Gonflement et Formation d’Ecchymoses
La rupture des capillaires provoque l’accumulation de sang dans le tissu musculaire, se traduisant par un gonflement et l’apparition d’ecchymoses dans la zone affectée. Ces signes cliniques indiquent l’étendue de l’infiltration sanguine et l’activation du processus inflammatoire.
3.3 Limitation de la Mobilité
Le gonflement et la douleur réduisent l’amplitude des mouvements des ischio-jambiers, entravant la flexion du genou et l’extension de la hanche. Cette limitation de la mobilité peut affecter la capacité à courir, sauter et changer de direction, altérant ainsi la performance sportive.
3.4 Sensation de Faiblesse et d’Instabilité
La perte temporaire de force due à la contusion peut entraîner une sensation de faiblesse et d’instabilité dans la cuisse, rendant difficile le maintien de la posture et la réalisation de mouvements explosifs. Cette instabilité augmente le risque de chutes et de blessures secondaires.
3.5 Impact sur la Performance Sportive
Les symptômes associés aux contusions des ischio-jambiers, tels que la douleur persistante, la limitation de la mobilité et la faiblesse musculaire, compromettent la performance sportive. Les athlètes peuvent être amenés à réduire l’intensité de leurs efforts ou à modifier leur technique, ce qui affecte négativement leur compétitivité.
4. Diagnostic
4.1 Examen Clinique et Anamnèse
Le diagnostic repose sur une anamnèse détaillée dans laquelle le sportif décrit le mécanisme de la blessure, l’intensité de la douleur et l’évolution des symptômes. L’examen clinique inclut la palpation de la région des ischio-jambiers pour localiser la douleur et évaluer le gonflement, ainsi que des tests de flexion et de force pour déterminer la limitation fonctionnelle.
4.2 Techniques d’Imagerie
Des examens d’imagerie peuvent être utilisés pour confirmer le diagnostic et évaluer l’étendue de la contusion :
- Échographie : Permet d’observer l’état des fibres musculaires et d’identifier les microtraumatismes en temps réel.
- IRM : Offre une visualisation détaillée des tissus mous, permettant d’évaluer l’inflammation et de détecter d’éventuelles zones de tissu cicatriciel.
- TDM : Peut être utilisée dans des cas complexes pour obtenir des images en coupe de la région, bien qu’elle soit moins couramment employée pour les lésions musculaires.
5. Approches Thérapeutiques Complémentaires
Note : La décompression neurovertébrale n’est pas applicable aux blessures des ischio-jambiers, car elle est réservée aux conditions de la colonne vertébrale.
5.1 Thérapie au Laser
Le laser thérapeutique est utilisé pour stimuler la cicatrisation en profondeur et réduire l’inflammation. En améliorant la circulation sanguine dans la zone affectée, il favorise le renouvellement cellulaire et atténue la douleur, facilitant ainsi la réparation des fibres musculaires endommagées.
5.2 Thérapie par Ondes de Choc
Les ondes de choc délivrent des impulsions mécaniques ciblées qui stimulent le renouvellement cellulaire et aident à décomposer les adhérences dans le tissu contusionné. Ce traitement améliore l’oxygénation locale, diminue la durée de l’inflammation et favorise une récupération plus rapide.
5.3 Médecine Manuelle (Ostéopathie)
L’ostéopathie, par des manipulations précises, aide à libérer les tensions musculaires et à corriger les déséquilibres posturaux qui augmentent la charge sur les ischio-jambiers. Cette approche manuelle contribue à restaurer l’alignement normal du muscle et à améliorer la fonction, réduisant ainsi la douleur.
5.4 Naturopathie
La naturopathie propose des protocoles de supplémentation et des conseils nutritionnels visant à renforcer la structure tissulaire et à diminuer l’inflammation. Une alimentation riche en protéines, en calcium, en vitamine D et en antioxydants crée un environnement interne favorable à la régénération des fibres musculaires.
5.5 Percuteur de Précision
L’utilisation du percuteur de précision permet d’effectuer des micro-ajustements ciblés sur la cuisse pour réaligner les structures musculaires et corriger les déséquilibres posturaux. Ce traitement contribue à stabiliser la zone affectée et favorise une récupération harmonieuse.
5.6 Autres Approches Complémentaires
Des techniques complémentaires telles que la cryothérapie ou l’ultrasonothérapie peuvent également être utilisées pour réduire l’inflammation et la douleur lors des phases initiales de la blessure, soutenant ainsi le processus de guérison.
6. Traitement Médical Conventionnel
6.1 Médicaments Analgésiques et Anti-inflammatoires
Le traitement conventionnel débute par l’administration d’analgésiques (par exemple, paracétamol) pour soulager la douleur aiguë, suivie d’anti-inflammatoires non stéroïdiens (AINS) pour réduire l’inflammation et l’enflure. Ces médicaments aident à contrôler la douleur et à limiter la réaction inflammatoire, facilitant ainsi la guérison.
6.2 Repos et Limitation des Activités
Le repos complet des ischio-jambiers est essentiel pour permettre aux fibres musculaires endommagées de se réparer. Il est recommandé de limiter les mouvements et d’éviter les activités qui sollicitent intensément le muscle, telles que la course ou les sprints, afin de prévenir l’aggravation de la blessure. L’immobilisation temporaire à l’aide de bandages compressifs peut contribuer à stabiliser la zone.
6.3 Suivi Médical et Contrôle par Imagerie
Des consultations régulières, associées à des examens d’imagerie (échographie ou IRM), permettent de surveiller l’évolution de la blessure et la diminution de l’inflammation. Ce suivi est crucial pour ajuster le traitement en fonction de la réponse du patient et pour déterminer le moment optimal pour la reprise progressive des activités sportives.
7. Rééducation et Retour Progressif à l’Activité Sportive
7.1 Phases de Réadaptation
Le processus de réadaptation se déroule en plusieurs phases distinctes :
- Phase Initiale – Soulagement et Stabilisation :
Dans les premiers jours, l’objectif est de réduire la douleur et de stabiliser le muscle grâce à un repos strict et aux traitements complémentaires, permettant ainsi aux fibres de commencer leur processus de réparation. - Phase Intermédiaire – Stimulation de la Guérison :
Une fois la douleur atténuée, des interventions telles que le laser, les ondes de choc et l’ostéopathie sont mises en œuvre pour stimuler le renouvellement cellulaire et favoriser la réparation des fibres endommagées. Cette phase vise à restaurer progressivement la force et la flexibilité du muscle. - Phase de Récupération Fonctionnelle – Préparation au Retour au Sport :
Dans la phase finale, des micro-ajustements via le percuteur de précision et un programme d’exercices ciblés sont introduits pour réintroduire progressivement les mouvements spécifiques à l’activité sportive, assurant ainsi une reprise sécurisée.
7.2 Suivi Personnalisé
Un suivi individualisé, assuré par des spécialistes en réadaptation, permet d’ajuster en permanence l’intensité et la durée des exercices en fonction de l’évolution de la guérison, minimisant ainsi le risque de récidive et garantissant une reprise progressive et sécurisée des activités sportives.
8. Prévention et Bonnes Pratiques
8.1 Renforcement de la Condition Physique
Une préparation physique adaptée, axée sur le renforcement des muscles du tronc et des ischio-jambiers, est cruciale pour prévenir les contusions. Un programme d’exercices combinant étirements, renforcement et activités de flexibilité, associé à une alimentation riche en nutriments essentiels (protéines, calcium, vitamine D, antioxydants), aide à maintenir la robustesse des tissus et à absorber efficacement les chocs.
8.2 Utilisation d’Équipements de Protection
Le port de dispositifs de soutien, tels que des bandages compressifs ou des attelles, aide à stabiliser la cuisse lors des activités sportives intenses. Ces équipements permettent de réduire la charge exercée sur les muscles et de prévenir les traumatismes répétitifs, limitant ainsi le risque de récidive.
8.3 Technique et Posture
Adopter une technique d’exécution correcte et maintenir une posture adéquate pendant la pratique sportive sont des éléments clés pour répartir uniformément les contraintes sur les ischio-jambiers. Des séances d’entraînement axées sur la biomécanique et la correction posturale permettent de réduire le stress sur le muscle et d’améliorer la performance.
8.4 Suivi Régulier et Écoute du Corps
Un suivi médical régulier, combiné à une écoute attentive des signaux du corps (douleur persistante, fatigue, inconfort), permet de détecter rapidement toute anomalie et d’ajuster le programme d’entraînement en conséquence. Ces mesures préventives sont essentielles pour éviter les récidives et assurer une pratique sportive durable.
9. Conclusion et Perspectives
Les déchirures musculaires des ischio-jambiers représentent une blessure fréquente chez les athlètes, compromettant la flexibilité, la force et la performance globale. Grâce à une approche globale combinant des traitements complémentaires innovants – tels que le laser, les ondes de choc, l’ostéopathie, la naturopathie et l’utilisation du percuteur de précision – avec un traitement médical conventionnel adapté (analgésiques, AINS, repos et limitation des activités), il est possible de réduire efficacement la douleur, de favoriser la réparation des fibres tendineuses et de préparer un retour progressif à l’activité sportive.
Le suivi personnalisé, la réadaptation structurée et l’adoption de mesures préventives rigoureuses jouent un rôle déterminant pour limiter le risque de récidive et assurer une récupération durable. Les avancées en imagerie médicale et les innovations thérapeutiques offrent de nouvelles perspectives pour optimiser la prise en charge des déchirures musculaires des ischio-jambiers, garantissant ainsi aux athlètes une récupération efficace et le maintien de leur niveau de performance sur le long terme.
En conclusion, la gestion des déchirures musculaires des ischio-jambiers repose sur une compréhension approfondie des mécanismes de la blessure, une prise en charge thérapeutique complète et une stratégie préventive bien structurée. Ce guide exhaustif se veut un outil pratique et informatif pour les sportifs, les entraîneurs et les professionnels de santé, en proposant des solutions modernes et adaptées aux exigences du sport de haut niveau. L’intégration harmonieuse des approches complémentaires avec le traitement médical conventionnel offre aux athlètes la possibilité de récupérer efficacement, de reprendre leur activité en toute sécurité et de prévenir les récidives futures, assurant ainsi une pratique sportive durable et performante.
FAQ
Blessures Sportives des Ischio-Jambiers
Comment l’examen de la mobilité aide-t-il à évaluer une blessure ?
La mobilité limitée lors de la contraction des muscles ischio-jambiers indique l’ampleur de la lésion et aide à orienter le traitement.
Comment la localisation de l’impact aide-t-elle à distinguer le type de lésion ?
Elle permet d’identifier la zone précise affectée et d’orienter le diagnostic vers une contusion, une élongation ou une déchirure musculaire.
Quels sont les indicateurs d’une guérison progressive ?
Une diminution de la douleur et une amélioration de la fonction musculaire indiquent que le processus de guérison est en cours.
Comment la technique de sprint influence-t-elle le risque de blessure ?
Une technique de sprint inappropriée peut entraîner une surcharge excessive sur les ischio-jambiers, augmentant le risque de lésion.
Quels sont les éléments clés pour suivre l’évolution d’une blessure des ischio-jambiers ?
La diminution progressive de la douleur, l’amélioration de la mobilité et le retour de la force musculaire sont des indicateurs de guérison.
Qu’est-ce qu’une blessure par surutilisation des ischio-jambiers ?
C’est une lésion qui se développe progressivement en raison de microtraumatismes répétés, entraînant une douleur chronique et une légère faiblesse musculaire.
Qu’est-ce qu’une blessure ischio-jambière isolée ?
C’est une lésion qui affecte uniquement les muscles ischio-jambiers, sans impliquer d’autres structures de la cuisse.
Comment la douleur ressentie lors d’une contraction guide-t-elle le diagnostic ?
Une douleur forte lors de la contraction musculaire aide à évaluer l’étendue de la lésion et l’impact sur la fonction du muscle.
Qu’est-ce qu’une déchirure partielle des ischio-jambiers ?
Il s’agit d’une rupture incomplète des fibres musculaires, entraînant une douleur notable et une faiblesse sans perte totale de la fonction.
Comment l’historique sportif influence-t-il le diagnostic ?
Un historique de surmenage ou de blessures répétées peut augmenter la susceptibilité aux lésions des ischio-jambiers et orienter le diagnostic.
Comment la douleur lors d’un impact direct est-elle évaluée cliniquement ?
Elle est évaluée par l’intensité immédiate et la localisation de la douleur, fournissant des indices sur la nature de la blessure.
Quels sont les signes d’une blessure ischio-jambière sévère ?
Une douleur intense, un gonflement important et une incapacité à contracter le muscle sont des signes d’une blessure sévère nécessitant une attention urgente.
Qu’est-ce qu’une blessure ischio-jambière fonctionnelle ?
Il s’agit d’une lésion affectant la performance musculaire sans déchirure structurelle majeure, souvent due à une surcharge répétée.
Qu’est-ce qui peut indiquer une blessure ischio-jambière multifactorielle ?
La présence simultanée de douleurs, de gonflements et de faiblesse dans plusieurs zones de la cuisse suggère une blessure multifactorielle.
Quels examens d’imagerie sont utilisés pour évaluer les ischio-jambiers ?
L’IRM est généralement utilisée pour obtenir une image détaillée des tissus mous et évaluer les déchirures musculaires.
Quels conseils donner pour réduire le risque de blessure ischio-jambière ?
Adopter une technique de sprint appropriée et éviter la surutilisation peuvent contribuer à réduire le risque de blessure.
Quels éléments du bilan clinique permettent de suivre la guérison ?
La diminution de la douleur, du gonflement et l’amélioration de la force musculaire sont essentiels pour suivre la guérison.
Quels sont les signes d’une blessure ischio-jambière légère ?
Une blessure légère se caractérise par une douleur modérée et temporaire, sans perte significative de la force musculaire.
Comment la douleur à l’effort diffère-t-elle d’une douleur au repos dans ce type de blessure ?
La douleur à l’effort est souvent plus prononcée et indique une lésion fonctionnelle, tandis qu’une absence de douleur au repos suggère une blessure moins grave.
Comment le médecin évalue-t-il la force musculaire des ischio-jambiers ?
L’évaluation se fait par des tests de contraction qui permettent de mesurer la force et d’identifier les déficits fonctionnels.
Retrouvez une Vie Sans Douleur : Nos Experts en Traitement des blessures sportives à Montréal & Terrebonne Desservent Tous les Arrondissements & Villes de Montréal, l'Agglomération de Longueuil, la Couronne Sud, l'Agglomération de Laval et la Couronne Nord!
[Flux1 Auto Images inserted]
Références
722490
XSSM5CQ5
1
apa
20
default
1
38855
https://www.blessures-sportives.com/wp-content/plugins/zotpress/
%7B%22status%22%3A%22success%22%2C%22updateneeded%22%3Afalse%2C%22instance%22%3Afalse%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22request_last%22%3A0%2C%22request_next%22%3A0%2C%22used_cache%22%3Atrue%7D%2C%22data%22%3A%5B%7B%22key%22%3A%224E946B6T%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A722490%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Mendiguchia%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222012%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BMendiguchia%2C%20J.%2C%20Alentorn-Geli%2C%20E.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Brughelli%2C%20M.%20%282012%29.%20Hamstring%20strain%20injuries%3A%20are%20we%20heading%20in%20the%20right%20direction%3F%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BBritish%20Journal%20of%20Sports%20Medicine%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B46%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%282%29%2C%2081%26%23x2013%3B85.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-ItemURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fbjsm.bmj.com%5C%2Fcontent%5C%2F46%5C%2F2%5C%2F81.short%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fbjsm.bmj.com%5C%2Fcontent%5C%2F46%5C%2F2%5C%2F81.short%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Hamstring%20strain%20injuries%3A%20are%20we%20heading%20in%20the%20right%20direction%3F%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jurdan%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Mendiguchia%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Eduard%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Alentorn-Geli%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Matt%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Brughelli%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222012%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fbjsm.bmj.com%5C%2Fcontent%5C%2F46%5C%2F2%5C%2F81.short%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22XSSM5CQ5%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-03-08T02%3A37%3A29Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22D3FU5VKF%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A722490%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Islam%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222024%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BIslam%2C%20M.%20S.%2C%20Rahman%2C%20M.%20H.%2C%20Mola%2C%20D.%20W.%2C%20Adane%2C%20A.%20K.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Pramanik%2C%20T.%20N.%20%282024%29.%20Nordic%20hamstring%20curls%20are%20a%20remedy%20for%20hamstring%20muscle%20injury%3A%20A%20narrative%20review.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BInternational%20Journal%20of%20Human%20Movement%20and%20Sports%20Sciences%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B12%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%284%29%2C%20692%26%23x2013%3B698.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-ItemURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.researchgate.net%5C%2Fprofile%5C%2FDessalegn-Wase%5C%2Fpublication%5C%2F382697586_Nordic_Hamstring_Curls_are_a_Remedy_for_Hamstring_Muscle_Injury_A_Narrative_Review%5C%2Flinks%5C%2F66acadf1299c327096a491f9%5C%2FNordic-Hamstring-Curls-are-a-Remedy-for-Hamstring-Muscle-Injury-A-Narrative-Review.pdf%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.researchgate.net%5C%2Fprofile%5C%2FDessalegn-Wase%5C%2Fpublication%5C%2F382697586_Nordic_Hamstring_Curls_are_a_Remedy_for_Hamstring_Muscle_Injury_A_Narrative_Review%5C%2Flinks%5C%2F66acadf1299c327096a491f9%5C%2FNordic-Hamstring-Curls-are-a-Remedy-for-Hamstring-Muscle-Injury-A-Narrative-Review.pdf%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Nordic%20hamstring%20curls%20are%20a%20remedy%20for%20hamstring%20muscle%20injury%3A%20A%20narrative%20review%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Muhammad%20Shahidul%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Islam%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Md%20Hamidur%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Rahman%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Dessalegn%20Wase%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Mola%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Alemmebrat%20Kiflu%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Adane%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Tarak%20Nath%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Pramanik%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222024%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.researchgate.net%5C%2Fprofile%5C%2FDessalegn-Wase%5C%2Fpublication%5C%2F382697586_Nordic_Hamstring_Curls_are_a_Remedy_for_Hamstring_Muscle_Injury_A_Narrative_Review%5C%2Flinks%5C%2F66acadf1299c327096a491f9%5C%2FNordic-Hamstring-Curls-are-a-Remedy-for-Hamstring-Muscle-Injury-A-Narrative-Review.pdf%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22XSSM5CQ5%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-03-08T02%3A37%3A29Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22242SUI9T%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A722490%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Krivickas%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%221997%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BKrivickas%2C%20L.%20S.%20%281997%29.%20Anatomical%20Factors%20Associated%20with%20Overuse%20Sports%20Injuries%3A%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BSports%20Medicine%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B24%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%282%29%2C%20132%26%23x2013%3B146.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DOIURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.2165%5C%2F00007256-199724020-00005%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.2165%5C%2F00007256-199724020-00005%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Anatomical%20Factors%20Associated%20with%20Overuse%20Sports%20Injuries%3A%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Lisa%20S.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Krivickas%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%2208%5C%2F1997%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.2165%5C%2F00007256-199724020-00005%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220112-1642%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Flink.springer.com%5C%2F10.2165%5C%2F00007256-199724020-00005%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22XSSM5CQ5%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-03-08T02%3A37%3A29Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22LLSUIASE%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A722490%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Zhu%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222017%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BZhu%2C%20J.%2C%20Arsovska%2C%20B.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Kozovska%2C%20K.%20%282017%29.%20Acupuncture%20treatment%20for%20sports%20injury%26%23x2013%3Bhamstring%20muscles%20group.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BInter%20J%20Clin%20Exper%20Med%20Sci%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B3%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%286%29%2C%2071%26%23x2013%3B73.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-ItemURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.researchgate.net%5C%2Fprofile%5C%2FKristina-K-3%5C%2Fpublication%5C%2F321192970_Acupuncture_Treatment_for_Sports_Injury-Hamstring_Muscles_Group%5C%2Flinks%5C%2F5a142ab2a6fdcc63d152b9a0%5C%2FAcupuncture-Treatment-for-Sports-Injury-Hamstring-Muscles-Group.pdf%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.researchgate.net%5C%2Fprofile%5C%2FKristina-K-3%5C%2Fpublication%5C%2F321192970_Acupuncture_Treatment_for_Sports_Injury-Hamstring_Muscles_Group%5C%2Flinks%5C%2F5a142ab2a6fdcc63d152b9a0%5C%2FAcupuncture-Treatment-for-Sports-Injury-Hamstring-Muscles-Group.pdf%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Acupuncture%20treatment%20for%20sports%20injury%5Cu2013hamstring%20muscles%20group%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jihe%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Zhu%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Blagica%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Arsovska%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Kristina%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kozovska%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222017%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.researchgate.net%5C%2Fprofile%5C%2FKristina-K-3%5C%2Fpublication%5C%2F321192970_Acupuncture_Treatment_for_Sports_Injury-Hamstring_Muscles_Group%5C%2Flinks%5C%2F5a142ab2a6fdcc63d152b9a0%5C%2FAcupuncture-Treatment-for-Sports-Injury-Hamstring-Muscles-Group.pdf%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22XSSM5CQ5%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-03-08T02%3A37%3A29Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22IW8FAF8G%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A722490%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Bahr%20and%20Engebretsen%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222009-01-23%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BBahr%2C%20R.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Engebretsen%2C%20L.%20%28Eds.%29.%20%282009%29.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BSports%20Injury%20Prevention%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%20%281st%20ed.%29.%20Wiley.%20https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1002%5C%2F9781444303612%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22book%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Sports%20Injury%20Prevention%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22editor%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Roald%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bahr%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22editor%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Lars%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Engebretsen%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222009-01-23%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22ISBN%22%3A%22978-1-4051-6244-9%20978-1-4443-0361-2%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fonlinelibrary.wiley.com%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2Fbook%5C%2F10.1002%5C%2F9781444303612%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22XSSM5CQ5%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-03-08T02%3A37%3A29Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22QHI5W8S8%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A722490%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Brooks%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222006%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BBrooks%2C%20J.%20H.%20M.%2C%20Fuller%2C%20C.%20W.%2C%20Kemp%2C%20S.%20P.%20T.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Reddin%2C%20D.%20B.%20%282006%29.%20Incidence%2C%20Risk%2C%20and%20Prevention%20of%20Hamstring%20Muscle%20Injuries%20in%20Professional%20Rugby%20Union.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BThe%20American%20Journal%20of%20Sports%20Medicine%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B34%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%288%29%2C%201297%26%23x2013%3B1306.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DOIURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1177%5C%2F0363546505286022%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1177%5C%2F0363546505286022%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Incidence%2C%20Risk%2C%20and%20Prevention%20of%20Hamstring%20Muscle%20Injuries%20in%20Professional%20Rugby%20Union%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22John%20H.%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Brooks%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Colin%20W.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Fuller%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Simon%20P.%20T.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kemp%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Dave%20B.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Reddin%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Background%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20The%20incidence%20of%20hamstring%20muscle%20injuries%20in%20professional%20rugby%20union%20is%20high%2C%20but%20evidence-based%20information%20on%20risk%20factors%20and%20injury-prevention%20strategies%20in%20this%20sport%20is%20limited.%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Purpose%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20To%20define%20the%20incidence%2C%20severity%2C%20and%20risk%20factors%20associated%20with%20hamstring%20muscle%20injuries%20in%20professional%20rugby%20union%20and%20to%20determine%20whether%20the%20use%20of%20hamstring%20strengthening%20and%20stretching%20exercises%20reduces%20the%20incidence%20and%20severity%20of%20these%20injuries.%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Study%20Design%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Cohort%20study%20%28prevention%29%3B%20Level%20of%20evidence%2C%203.%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Methods%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Team%20clinicians%20reported%20all%20hamstring%20muscle%20injuries%20on%20a%20weekly%20basis%20and%20provided%20details%20of%20the%20location%2C%20diagnosis%2C%20severity%2C%20and%20mechanism%20of%20each%20injury%3B%20loss%20of%20time%20from%20training%20and%20match%20play%20was%20used%20as%20the%20definition%20of%20an%20injury.%20Players%5Cu2019%20match%20and%20training%20exposures%20were%20recorded%20on%20a%20weekly%20basis.%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Results%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20The%20incidence%20of%20hamstring%20muscle%20injuries%20was%200.27%20per%201000%20player%20training%20hours%20and%205.6%20per%201000%20player%20match%20hours.%20Injuries%2C%20on%20average%2C%20resulted%20in%2017%20days%20of%20lost%20time%2C%20with%20recurrent%20injuries%20%2823%25%29%20significantly%20more%20severe%20%2825%20days%20lost%29%20than%20new%20injuries%20%2814%20days%20lost%29.%20Second-row%20forwards%20sustained%20the%20fewest%20%282.4%20injuries%5C%2F1000%20player%20hours%29%20and%20the%20least%20severe%20%287%20days%20lost%29%20match%20injuries.%20Running%20activities%20accounted%20for%2068%25%20of%20hamstring%20muscle%20injuries%2C%20but%20injuries%20resulting%20from%20kicking%20were%20the%20most%20severe%20%2836%20days%20lost%29.%20Players%20undertaking%20Nordic%20hamstring%20exercises%20in%20addition%20to%20conventional%20stretching%20and%20strengthening%20exercises%20had%20lower%20incidences%20and%20severities%20of%20injury%20during%20training%20and%20competition.%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Conclusion%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20The%20Nordic%20hamstring%20strengthening%20exercise%20may%20reduce%20the%20incidence%20and%20severity%20of%20hamstring%20muscle%20injuries%20sustained%20during%20training%20and%20competition.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%2208%5C%2F2006%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1177%5C%2F0363546505286022%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220363-5465%2C%201552-3365%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fjournals.sagepub.com%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2F10.1177%5C%2F0363546505286022%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22XSSM5CQ5%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-03-08T02%3A37%3A29Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22ZYDKUX2D%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A722490%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Heiderscheit%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222010%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BHeiderscheit%2C%20B.%20C.%2C%20Sherry%2C%20M.%20A.%2C%20Silder%2C%20A.%2C%20Chumanov%2C%20E.%20S.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Thelen%2C%20D.%20G.%20%282010%29.%20Hamstring%20Strain%20Injuries%3A%20Recommendations%20for%20Diagnosis%2C%20Rehabilitation%2C%20and%20Injury%20Prevention.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BJournal%20of%20Orthopaedic%20%26amp%3B%20Sports%20Physical%20Therapy%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B40%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%282%29%2C%2067%26%23x2013%3B81.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DOIURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.2519%5C%2Fjospt.2010.3047%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.2519%5C%2Fjospt.2010.3047%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Hamstring%20Strain%20Injuries%3A%20Recommendations%20for%20Diagnosis%2C%20Rehabilitation%2C%20and%20Injury%20Prevention%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Bryan%20C.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Heiderscheit%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Marc%20A.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sherry%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Amy%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Silder%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Elizabeth%20S.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Chumanov%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Darryl%20G.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Thelen%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Synopsis%3A%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Hamstring%20strain%20injuries%20remain%20a%20challenge%20for%20both%20athletes%20and%20clinicians%2C%20given%20their%20high%20incidence%20rate%2C%20slow%20healing%2C%20and%20persistent%20symptoms.%20Moreover%2C%20nearly%20one%20third%20of%20these%20injuries%20recur%20within%20the%20first%20year%20following%20a%20return%20to%20sport%2C%20with%20subsequent%20injuries%20often%20being%20more%20severe%20than%20the%20original.%20This%20high%20reinjury%20rate%20suggests%20that%20commonly%20utilized%20rehabilitation%20programs%20may%20be%20inadequate%20at%20resolving%20possible%20muscular%20weakness%2C%20reduced%20tissue%20extensibility%2C%20and%5C%2For%20altered%20movement%20patterns%20associated%20with%20the%20injury.%20Further%2C%20the%20traditional%20criteria%20used%20to%20determine%20the%20readiness%20of%20the%20athlete%20to%20return%20to%20sport%20may%20be%20insensitive%20to%20these%20persistent%20deficits%2C%20resulting%20in%20a%20premature%20return.%20There%20is%20mounting%20evidence%20that%20the%20risk%20of%20reinjury%20can%20be%20minimized%20by%20utilizing%20rehabilitation%20strategies%20that%20incorporate%20neuromuscular%20control%20exercises%20and%20eccentric%20strength%20training%2C%20combined%20with%20objective%20measures%20to%20assess%20musculotendon%20recovery%20and%20readiness%20to%20return%20to%20sport.%20In%20this%20paper%2C%20we%20first%20describe%20the%20diagnostic%20examination%20of%20an%20acute%20hamstring%20strain%20injury%2C%20including%20discussion%20of%20the%20value%20of%20determining%20injury%20location%20in%20estimating%20the%20duration%20of%20the%20convalescent%20period.%20Based%20on%20the%20current%20available%20evidence%2C%20we%20then%20propose%20a%20clinical%20guide%20for%20the%20rehabilitation%20of%20acute%20hamstring%20injuries%2C%20including%20specific%20criteria%20for%20treatment%20progression%20and%20return%20to%20sport.%20Finally%2C%20we%20describe%20directions%20for%20future%20research%2C%20including%20injury-specific%20rehabilitation%20programs%2C%20objective%20measures%20to%20assess%20reinjury%20risk%2C%20and%20strategies%20to%20prevent%20injury%20occurrence.%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Level%20of%20Evidence%3A%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Diagnosis%5C%2Ftherapy%5C%2Fprevention%2C%20level%205.%20J%20Orthop%20Sports%20Phys%20Ther%202010%3B40%282%29%3A67%5Cu201381.%20doi%3A10.2519%5C%2Fjospt.2010.3047%22%2C%22date%22%3A%2202%5C%2F2010%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.2519%5C%2Fjospt.2010.3047%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220190-6011%2C%201938-1344%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.jospt.org%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2F10.2519%5C%2Fjospt.2010.3047%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22XSSM5CQ5%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-03-08T02%3A37%3A29Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%2293BD72C6%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A722490%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Lauersen%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222014%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BLauersen%2C%20J.%20B.%2C%20Bertelsen%2C%20D.%20M.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Andersen%2C%20L.%20B.%20%282014%29.%20The%20effectiveness%20of%20exercise%20interventions%20to%20prevent%20sports%20injuries%3A%20a%20systematic%20review%20and%20meta-analysis%20of%20randomised%20controlled%20trials.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BBritish%20Journal%20of%20Sports%20Medicine%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B48%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2811%29%2C%20871%26%23x2013%3B877.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-ItemURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fbjsm.bmj.com%5C%2Fcontent%5C%2F48%5C%2F11%5C%2F871%3Ffbclid%3DIwAR0qsPV6TUUxk3r6HtTJOqzMYUbo0l5-byVxaDfXs-EEuCjuw94KHirsJzo%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fbjsm.bmj.com%5C%2Fcontent%5C%2F48%5C%2F11%5C%2F871%3Ffbclid%3DIwAR0qsPV6TUUxk3r6HtTJOqzMYUbo0l5-byVxaDfXs-EEuCjuw94KHirsJzo%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22The%20effectiveness%20of%20exercise%20interventions%20to%20prevent%20sports%20injuries%3A%20a%20systematic%20review%20and%20meta-analysis%20of%20randomised%20controlled%20trials%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jeppe%20Bo%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Lauersen%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ditte%20Marie%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bertelsen%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Lars%20Bo%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Andersen%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222014%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fbjsm.bmj.com%5C%2Fcontent%5C%2F48%5C%2F11%5C%2F871%3Ffbclid%3DIwAR0qsPV6TUUxk3r6HtTJOqzMYUbo0l5-byVxaDfXs-EEuCjuw94KHirsJzo%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22XSSM5CQ5%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-03-08T02%3A37%3A29Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22ACH7LFFG%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A722490%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Lysens%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%221984%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BLysens%2C%20R.%2C%20Lefevre%2C%20J.%2C%20Renson%2C%20L.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Ostyn%2C%20M.%20%281984%29.%20The%20Predictability%20of%20Sports%20Injuries.%20A%20Preliminary%20Report.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BInternational%20Journal%20of%20Sports%20Medicine%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B05%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%28S%201%29%2C%20S153%26%23x2013%3BS155.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DOIURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1055%5C%2Fs-2008-1025984%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1055%5C%2Fs-2008-1025984%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22The%20Predictability%20of%20Sports%20Injuries.%20A%20Preliminary%20Report%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Lysens%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22J.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Lefevre%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22L.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Renson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ostyn%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%2211%5C%2F1984%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1055%5C%2Fs-2008-1025984%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220172-4622%2C%201439-3964%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.thieme-connect.de%5C%2FDOI%5C%2FDOI%3F10.1055%5C%2Fs-2008-1025984%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22XSSM5CQ5%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-03-08T02%3A37%3A29Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22F6ZAYDQR%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A722490%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Dervi%5Cu0161evi%5Cu0107%20and%20Had%5Cu017ei%5Cu0107%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222012-11-12%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BDervi%26%23x161%3Bevi%26%23x107%3B%2C%20E.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Had%26%23x17E%3Bi%26%23x107%3B%2C%20V.%20%282012%29.%20Quadriceps%20and%20hamstrings%20strength%20in%20team%20sports%3A%20Basketball%2C%20football%20and%20volleyball.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BIsokinetics%20and%20Exercise%20Science%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B20%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%284%29%2C%20293%26%23x2013%3B300.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DOIURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.3233%5C%2FIES-2012-00483%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.3233%5C%2FIES-2012-00483%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Quadriceps%20and%20hamstrings%20strength%20in%20team%20sports%3A%20Basketball%2C%20football%20and%20volleyball%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Edvin%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Dervi%5Cu0161evi%5Cu0107%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Vedran%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Had%5Cu017ei%5Cu0107%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222012-11-12%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.3233%5C%2FIES-2012-00483%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%2218785913%2C%2009593020%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fjournals.sagepub.com%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2Ffull%5C%2F10.3233%5C%2FIES-2012-00483%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22XSSM5CQ5%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-03-08T02%3A37%3A29Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22M3DA82JP%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A722490%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Sugiura%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222017-01-01%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BSugiura%2C%20Y.%2C%20Sakuma%2C%20K.%2C%20Sakuraba%2C%20K.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Sato%2C%20Y.%20%282017%29.%20Prevention%20of%20Hamstring%20Injuries%20in%20Collegiate%20Sprinters.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BOrthopaedic%20Journal%20of%20Sports%20Medicine%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B5%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%281%29%2C%202325967116681524.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DOIURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1177%5C%2F2325967116681524%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1177%5C%2F2325967116681524%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Prevention%20of%20Hamstring%20Injuries%20in%20Collegiate%20Sprinters%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Yusaku%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sugiura%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Kazuhiko%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sakuma%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Keishoku%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sakuraba%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Yamato%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sato%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Background%3A%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20No%20studies%20have%20been%20reported%20on%20how%20strength%2C%20agility%2C%20and%20flexibility%20training%20reduce%20the%20occurrence%20of%20hamstring%20injuries%20in%20sprinters.%20Therefore%2C%20a%20program%20for%20preventing%20hamstring%20injury%20in%20these%20athletes%20has%20not%20been%20established.%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Purpose%3A%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20To%20document%20the%20incidence%20of%20hamstring%20injuries%20during%20times%20when%20different%20prevention%20strategies%20were%20employed%20to%20see%20whether%20a%20particular%20prevention%20program%20reduced%20their%20occurrence.%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Study%20Design%3A%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Descriptive%20epidemiology%20study.%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Methods%3A%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20The%20study%20subjects%20were%20a%20total%20of%20613%20collegiate%20male%20sprinters%20trained%20by%20the%20same%20coach%20over%2024%20seasons.%20Tow%20training%20was%20used%20throughout%20the%20research%20period%20as%20a%20normal%20sprint%20training%20method.%20The%20hamstring%20injury%20prevention%20program%20evolved%20over%20time.%20From%201988%20to%201991%20%28period%201%29%2C%20prevention%20focused%20on%20strength%20training%20alone%3B%20from%201992%20to%201999%20%28period%202%29%2C%20a%20combination%20of%20strength%20and%20agility%20training%20was%20used%3B%20and%20from%202000%20to%202011%20%28period%203%29%2C%20the%20program%20incorporated%20strength%2C%20agility%2C%20and%20flexibility%20training.%20The%20incidence%20of%20hamstring%20injuries%20was%20compared%20for%20each%20of%20the%203%20prevention%20strategies.%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Results%3A%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20The%20incidence%20of%20hamstring%20injuries%20per%20athlete-seasons%20was%20137.9%20for%20period%201%2C%2060.6%20for%20period%202%2C%20and%206.7%20for%20period%203.%20A%20significant%20difference%20was%20observed%20in%20the%20incidence%20of%20hamstring%20injury%20according%20to%20the%20different%20prevention%20programs%20%28%5Cu03c7%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%202%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%282%29%20%3D%2031.78%2C%20P%20%26lt%3B%20.001%2C%20effect%20size%3A%20Cramer%20V%20%3D%200.23%2C%201%20%5Cu2212%20%5Cu03b2%20%3D%200.999%29.%20Residual%20analysis%20showed%20that%20the%20number%20of%20hamstring%20injuries%20for%20period%201%20was%20significantly%20greater%20than%20the%20expected%20value%20%28%20P%20%26lt%3B%20.01%29%2C%20whereas%20that%20for%20period%203%20was%20significantly%20lower%20than%20the%20expected%20value%20%28%20P%20%26lt%3B%20.01%29.%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Conclusion%3A%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20The%20incidence%20of%20hamstring%20injuries%20in%20sprinters%20decreased%20as%20agility%20and%20flexibility%20were%20added%20to%20strength%20training.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222017-01-01%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1177%5C%2F2325967116681524%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%222325-9671%2C%202325-9671%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fjournals.sagepub.com%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2F10.1177%5C%2F2325967116681524%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22XSSM5CQ5%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-03-08T02%3A37%3A29Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%223942Z88G%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A722490%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Onaka%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222017%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BOnaka%2C%20G.%20M.%2C%20Gaspar-Jr%2C%20J.%20J.%2C%20Gra%26%23xE7%3Bas%2C%20D.%20das%2C%20Barbosa%2C%20F.%20S.%20S.%2C%20Martinez%2C%20P.%20F.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Oliveira-Junior%2C%20S.%20A.%20de.%20%282017%29.%20Sports%20injuries%20in%20soccer%20according%20to%20tactical%20position%3A%20a%20retrospective%20survey.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BFisioterapia%20Em%20Movimento%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B30%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20249%26%23x2013%3B257.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-ItemURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.scielo.br%5C%2Fj%5C%2Ffm%5C%2Fa%5C%2FctysGqh5n7bNT4psZpMVZnR%5C%2F%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.scielo.br%5C%2Fj%5C%2Ffm%5C%2Fa%5C%2FctysGqh5n7bNT4psZpMVZnR%5C%2F%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Sports%20injuries%20in%20soccer%20according%20to%20tactical%20position%3A%20a%20retrospective%20survey%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Giuliano%20Moreto%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Onaka%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jair%20Jos%5Cu00e9%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Gaspar-Jr%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Dayana%20das%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Gra%5Cu00e7as%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Fernando%20S%5Cu00e9rgio%20Silva%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Barbosa%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Paula%20Felippe%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Martinez%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Silvio%20Assis%20de%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Oliveira-Junior%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222017%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.scielo.br%5C%2Fj%5C%2Ffm%5C%2Fa%5C%2FctysGqh5n7bNT4psZpMVZnR%5C%2F%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22XSSM5CQ5%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-03-08T02%3A37%3A29Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22WB6M8UMR%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A722490%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Lepp%5Cu00e4nen%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222014%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BLepp%26%23xE4%3Bnen%2C%20M.%2C%20Aaltonen%2C%20S.%2C%20Parkkari%2C%20J.%2C%20Heinonen%2C%20A.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Kujala%2C%20U.%20M.%20%282014%29.%20Interventions%20to%20Prevent%20Sports%20Related%20Injuries%3A%20A%20Systematic%20Review%20and%20Meta-Analysis%20of%20Randomised%20Controlled%20Trials.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BSports%20Medicine%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B44%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%284%29%2C%20473%26%23x2013%3B486.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DOIURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1007%5C%2Fs40279-013-0136-8%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1007%5C%2Fs40279-013-0136-8%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Interventions%20to%20Prevent%20Sports%20Related%20Injuries%3A%20A%20Systematic%20Review%20and%20Meta-Analysis%20of%20Randomised%20Controlled%20Trials%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Mari%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Lepp%5Cu00e4nen%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Sari%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Aaltonen%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jari%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Parkkari%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ari%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Heinonen%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Urho%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Kujala%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%224%5C%2F2014%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1007%5C%2Fs40279-013-0136-8%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220112-1642%2C%201179-2035%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Flink.springer.com%5C%2F10.1007%5C%2Fs40279-013-0136-8%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22XSSM5CQ5%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-03-08T02%3A37%3A29Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%2282SLARNV%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A722490%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Bukhari%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222020%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BBukhari%2C%20B.%2C%20Ghaffar%2C%20H.%20A.%2C%20Hashim%2C%20A.%2C%20Sheeraz%2C%20M.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Ali%2C%20S.%20%282020%29.%20Risk%20Factors%20Associated%20With%20Recurrent%20Hamstring%20Injuries%20in%20Sports%20Athletes%3A%20Risk%20Factors%20of%20Recurrent%20Hamstring%20Injuries.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BTHE%20THERAPIST%20%28Journal%20of%20Therapies%20%26amp%3B%20Rehabilitation%20Sciences%29%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%2014%26%23x2013%3B19.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-ItemURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttp%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fthetherapist.com.pk%5C%2Findex.php%5C%2Ftt%5C%2Farticle%5C%2Fview%5C%2F12%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttp%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fthetherapist.com.pk%5C%2Findex.php%5C%2Ftt%5C%2Farticle%5C%2Fview%5C%2F12%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Risk%20Factors%20Associated%20With%20Recurrent%20Hamstring%20Injuries%20in%20Sports%20Athletes%3A%20Risk%20Factors%20of%20Recurrent%20Hamstring%20Injuries%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Bazal%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bukhari%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Hassan%20Abdul%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ghaffar%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Adnan%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hashim%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Muhammad%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Sheeraz%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Sarwat%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Ali%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222020%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fthetherapist.com.pk%5C%2Findex.php%5C%2Ftt%5C%2Farticle%5C%2Fview%5C%2F12%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22XSSM5CQ5%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-03-08T02%3A37%3A29Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22KVQB2HJ3%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A722490%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Bisciotti%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222019%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BBisciotti%2C%20G.%20N.%2C%20Chamari%2C%20K.%2C%20Cena%2C%20E.%2C%20Carimati%2C%20G.%2C%20Bisciotti%2C%20A.%2C%20Bisciotti%2C%20A.%2C%20Quaglia%2C%20A.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Volpi%2C%20P.%20%282019%29.%20Hamstring%20Injuries%20Prevention%20in%20Soccer%3A%20A%20Narrative%20Review%20of%20Current%20Literature.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BJoints%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B07%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2803%29%2C%20115%26%23x2013%3B126.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DOIURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1055%5C%2Fs-0040-1712113%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1055%5C%2Fs-0040-1712113%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Hamstring%20Injuries%20Prevention%20in%20Soccer%3A%20A%20Narrative%20Review%20of%20Current%20Literature%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Gian%20Nicola%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bisciotti%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Karim%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Chamari%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Emanuele%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Cena%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Giulia%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Carimati%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Alessandro%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bisciotti%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Andrea%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bisciotti%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Alessandro%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Quaglia%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Piero%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Volpi%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Abstract%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Hamstring%20injuries%20and%20reinjuries%20are%20one%20of%20the%20most%20important%20sport%20lesions%20in%20several%20sport%20activities%20including%20soccer%2C%20Australian%20football%2C%20track%20and%20field%2C%20rugby%2C%20and%20in%20general%20in%20all%20sport%20activities%20requiring%20sprinting%20and%20acceleration.%20However%2C%20it%20is%20important%20to%20distinguish%20between%20the%20lesions%20of%20the%20biceps%20femoris%20and%20semitendinosus%20and%20semimembranosus.%20Indeed%2C%20three%20muscles%20representing%20the%20hamstring%20complex%20have%20a%20very%20different%20injury%20etiology%20and%20consequently%20require%20different%20prevention%20strategies.%20This%20fact%20may%20explain%2C%20at%20least%20in%20part%2C%20the%20high%20incidence%20of%20reinjuries.%20In%20soccer%2C%20hamstring%20injuries%20cause%20an%20important%20rate%20of%20time%20loss%20%28i.e.%2C%20in%20average%2015%5Cu201321%20matches%20missed%20per%20club%20per%20season%29.%20The%20hamstring%20injury%20risk%20factors%20may%20be%20subdivided%20in%20three%20categories%3A%20%5Cu201cprimary%20injury%20risk%20factors%5Cu201d%20%28i.e.%2C%20the%20risk%20factors%20mainly%20causing%20a%20first%20lesion%29%2C%20%5Cu201crecurrent%20injury%20risk%20factors%5Cu201d%20%28i.e.%2C%20the%20risk%20that%20can%20cause%20a%20reinjury%29%2C%20and%20bivalent%20injury%20risk%20factors%5Cu201d%20%28i.e.%2C%20the%20risk%20factors%20that%20can%20cause%20both%20primary%20injuries%20and%20reinjuries%29.%20The%20high%20incidence%20of%20hamstring%20lesions%20caused%20consequently%20an%20important%20increase%20in%20hamstring%20injury%20research.%20However%2C%20although%20the%20prevention%20has%20increased%20paradoxically%2C%20epidemiological%20data%20do%20not%20show%20a%20loss%20in%20injuries%20and%5C%2For%20reinjuries%20but%2C%20on%20the%20contrary%2C%20they%20show%20an%20increase%20in%20hamstring%20injuries.%20This%20apparent%20paradox%20highlights%20the%20importance%20both%20of%20the%20improvement%20in%20the%20prevention%20programs%20quality%20and%20the%20criteria%20for%20return%20to%20play%20after%20hamstring%20injury.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%2209%5C%2F2019%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1055%5C%2Fs-0040-1712113%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%222282-4324%2C%202512-9090%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.thieme-connect.de%5C%2FDOI%5C%2FDOI%3F10.1055%5C%2Fs-0040-1712113%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22XSSM5CQ5%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-03-08T02%3A37%3A29Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22HB3DT6DU%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A722490%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Bencardino%20and%20Mellado%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222005%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BBencardino%2C%20J.%20T.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Mellado%2C%20J.%20M.%20%282005%29.%20Hamstring%20injuries%20of%20the%20hip.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BMagnetic%20Resonance%20Imaging%20Clinics%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B13%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%284%29%2C%20677%26%23x2013%3B690.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-ItemURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.mri.theclinics.com%5C%2Farticle%5C%2FS1064-9689%2805%2900095-4%5C%2Fabstract%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.mri.theclinics.com%5C%2Farticle%5C%2FS1064-9689%2805%2900095-4%5C%2Fabstract%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Hamstring%20injuries%20of%20the%20hip%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jenny%20T.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Bencardino%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Jos%5Cu00e9%20M.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Mellado%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222005%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.mri.theclinics.com%5C%2Farticle%5C%2FS1064-9689%2805%2900095-4%5C%2Fabstract%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22XSSM5CQ5%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-03-08T02%3A37%3A29Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22MZHM2SPV%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A722490%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Schuermans%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222016%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BSchuermans%2C%20J.%2C%20Van%20Tiggelen%2C%20D.%2C%20Danneels%2C%20L.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Witvrouw%2C%20E.%20%282016%29.%20Susceptibility%20to%20Hamstring%20Injuries%20in%20Soccer%3A%20A%20Prospective%20Study%20Using%20Muscle%20Functional%20Magnetic%20Resonance%20Imaging.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BThe%20American%20Journal%20of%20Sports%20Medicine%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B44%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%285%29%2C%201276%26%23x2013%3B1285.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DOIURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1177%5C%2F0363546515626538%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1177%5C%2F0363546515626538%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Susceptibility%20to%20Hamstring%20Injuries%20in%20Soccer%3A%20A%20Prospective%20Study%20Using%20Muscle%20Functional%20Magnetic%20Resonance%20Imaging%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Joke%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Schuermans%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Damien%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Van%20Tiggelen%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Lieven%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Danneels%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Erik%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Witvrouw%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Background%3A%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Running-related%20hamstring%20strain%20injuries%20remain%20a%20delicate%20issue%20in%20several%20sports%20such%20as%20soccer.%20Their%20unremittingly%20high%20incidence%20and%20recurrence%20rates%20indicate%20that%20the%20underlying%20risk%20has%20not%20yet%20been%20fully%20identified.%20Among%20other%20factors%2C%20the%20importance%20of%20neuromuscular%20coordination%20and%20the%20quality%20of%20interplay%20between%20the%20different%20hamstring%20muscle%20bellies%20is%20thought%20to%20be%20a%20key%20determinant%20within%20the%20intrinsic%20injury%20risk.%20Muscle%20functional%20magnetic%20resonance%20imaging%20%28mfMRI%29%20is%20one%20of%20the%20tools%20that%20has%20been%20proven%20to%20be%20valid%20for%20evaluating%20intermuscular%20coordination.%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Purpose%3A%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20To%20investigate%20the%20risk%20of%20sustaining%20an%20index%20or%20recurring%20soccer-related%20hamstring%20injury%20by%20exploring%20metabolic%20muscle%20characteristics%20using%20mfMRI.%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Study%20Design%3A%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Cohort%20study%3B%20Level%20of%20evidence%2C%202.%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Methods%3A%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20A%20total%20of%2027%20healthy%20male%20soccer%20players%20and%2027%20soccer%20players%20with%20a%20history%20of%20hamstring%20injuries%20underwent%20standardized%20mfMRI.%20The%20mfMRI%20protocol%20consisted%20of%20a%20resting%20scan%2C%20a%20strenuous%20bilateral%20eccentric%20hamstring%20exercise%2C%20and%20a%20postexercise%20scan.%20The%20exercise-related%20T2%20change%2C%20or%20the%20signal%20intensity%20shift%20between%20both%20scans%2C%20was%20used%20to%20detect%20differences%20in%20metabolic%20characteristics%20between%20%281%29%20the%20different%20hamstring%20muscle%20bellies%20and%20%282%29%20the%20prospective%20cohorts%20based%20on%20the%20%28re%29occurrence%20of%20hamstring%20injuries%20during%20a%20follow-up%20period%20of%2018%20months.%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Results%3A%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20The%20risk%20of%20sustaining%20a%20first%20hamstring%20injury%20was%20associated%20with%20alterations%20in%20the%20intermuscular%20hierarchy%20in%20terms%20of%20the%20magnitude%20of%20the%20metabolic%20response%20after%20a%20heavy%20eccentric%20effort%2C%20with%20the%20dominant%20role%20of%20the%20semitendinosus%20set%20aside%20for%20a%20higher%20contribution%20of%20the%20biceps%20femoris%20%28%20P%20%3D%20.017%29.%20Receiver%20operating%20characteristic%20%28ROC%29%20curve%20analysis%20demonstrated%20that%20this%20variable%20was%20significantly%20able%20to%20predict%20the%20occurrence%20of%20index%20injuries%20with%20a%20sensitivity%20of%20100%25%20and%20a%20specificity%20of%2070%25%20when%20the%20metabolic%20activity%20of%20the%20biceps%20femoris%20exceeded%2010%25.%20The%20risk%20of%20sustaining%20a%20reinjury%20was%20associated%20with%20a%20substantial%20deficit%20in%20hamstring%20strength%20endurance%20%28%20P%20%3D%20.031%29.%20Soccer%20players%20who%20sustained%20a%20reinjury%20were%20only%20able%20to%20perform%20prone%20leg%20curls%20for%20a%20mean%20duration%20of%20146.50%20%5Cu00b1%2076.16%20seconds%2C%20whereas%20those%20with%20an%20injury%20history%20but%20no%20recurrence%20during%20follow-up%20were%20able%20to%20continue%20for%20a%20mean%20of%20237.45%20%5Cu00b1%20110.76%20seconds%20%2895%25%20CI%2C%2011.9-230.5%20seconds%3B%20P%20%3D%20.031%29.%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Conclusion%3A%5Cn%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20This%20was%20the%20first%20study%20to%20assess%20the%20causal%20relation%20between%20the%20intramuscular%20recruitment%20pattern%20and%20the%20risk%20of%20sustaining%20an%20index%20or%20secondary%20hamstring%20strain.%20Changes%20in%20intermuscular%20interplay%20seem%20to%20significantly%20increase%20the%20risk%20of%20sustaining%20index%20hamstring%20injuries%20in%20male%20amateur%20soccer%20players.%20Inadequate%20eccentric%20muscle%20endurance%20could%20be%20associated%20with%20an%20increased%20risk%20of%20sustaining%20a%20recurring%20hamstring%20injury.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%2205%5C%2F2016%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1177%5C%2F0363546515626538%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220363-5465%2C%201552-3365%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fjournals.sagepub.com%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2F10.1177%5C%2F0363546515626538%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22XSSM5CQ5%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-03-08T02%3A37%3A29Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22Z9MUPY78%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A722490%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Abou%20Elmagd%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222016%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A1%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BAbou%20Elmagd%2C%20M.%20%282016%29.%20Common%20sports%20injuries.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BInternational%20Journal%20of%20Physical%20Education%2C%20Sports%20and%20Health%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B3%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%285%29%2C%20142%26%23x2013%3B148.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-ItemURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.dkinjuryclinic.com%5C%2Fv2%5C%2Fwp-content%5C%2Fuploads%5C%2F2020%5C%2F10%5C%2F3-4-74-161.pdf%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.dkinjuryclinic.com%5C%2Fv2%5C%2Fwp-content%5C%2Fuploads%5C%2F2020%5C%2F10%5C%2F3-4-74-161.pdf%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Common%20sports%20injuries%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Mohammed%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Abou%20Elmagd%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222016%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.dkinjuryclinic.com%5C%2Fv2%5C%2Fwp-content%5C%2Fuploads%5C%2F2020%5C%2F10%5C%2F3-4-74-161.pdf%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22XSSM5CQ5%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-03-08T02%3A37%3A29Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22MSANUS7J%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A722490%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Linklater%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222010%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BLinklater%2C%20J.%2C%20Hamilton%2C%20B.%2C%20Carmichael%2C%20J.%2C%20Orchard%2C%20J.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Wood%2C%20D.%20%282010%29.%20Hamstring%20Injuries%3A%20Anatomy%2C%20Imaging%2C%20and%20Intervention.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BSeminars%20in%20Musculoskeletal%20Radiology%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3B14%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2802%29%2C%20131%26%23x2013%3B161.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DOIURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1055%5C%2Fs-0030-1253157%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1055%5C%2Fs-0030-1253157%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Hamstring%20Injuries%3A%20Anatomy%2C%20Imaging%2C%20and%20Intervention%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22James%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Linklater%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Bruce%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Hamilton%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22James%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Carmichael%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22John%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Orchard%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22David%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Wood%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%226%5C%2F2010%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.1055%5C%2Fs-0030-1253157%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%221089-7860%2C%201098-898X%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.thieme-connect.de%5C%2FDOI%5C%2FDOI%3F10.1055%5C%2Fs-0030-1253157%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22XSSM5CQ5%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-03-08T02%3A37%3A29Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22BV5KV9KM%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A722490%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Thorborg%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222020%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%202%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BThorborg%2C%20K.%2C%20Opar%2C%20D.%2C%20%26amp%3B%20Shield%2C%20A.%20%28Eds.%29.%20%282020%29.%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BPrevention%20and%20Rehabilitation%20of%20Hamstring%20Injuries%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B.%20Springer%20International%20Publishing.%20https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.1007%5C%2F978-3-030-31638-9%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22book%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Prevention%20and%20Rehabilitation%20of%20Hamstring%20Injuries%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22editor%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Kristian%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Thorborg%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22editor%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22David%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Opar%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22editor%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Anthony%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Shield%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222020%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22ISBN%22%3A%22978-3-030-31637-2%20978-3-030-31638-9%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22http%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Flink.springer.com%5C%2F10.1007%5C%2F978-3-030-31638-9%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%22XSSM5CQ5%22%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-03-08T02%3A37%3A29Z%22%7D%7D%5D%7D
Mendiguchia, J., Alentorn-Geli, E., & Brughelli, M. (2012). Hamstring strain injuries: are we heading in the right direction? British Journal of Sports Medicine, 46(2), 81–85. https://bjsm.bmj.com/content/46/2/81.short
Islam, M. S., Rahman, M. H., Mola, D. W., Adane, A. K., & Pramanik, T. N. (2024). Nordic hamstring curls are a remedy for hamstring muscle injury: A narrative review. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 12(4), 692–698. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Dessalegn-Wase/publication/382697586_Nordic_Hamstring_Curls_are_a_Remedy_for_Hamstring_Muscle_Injury_A_Narrative_Review/links/66acadf1299c327096a491f9/Nordic-Hamstring-Curls-are-a-Remedy-for-Hamstring-Muscle-Injury-A-Narrative-Review.pdf
Krivickas, L. S. (1997). Anatomical Factors Associated with Overuse Sports Injuries: Sports Medicine, 24(2), 132–146. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-199724020-00005
Zhu, J., Arsovska, B., & Kozovska, K. (2017). Acupuncture treatment for sports injury–hamstring muscles group. Inter J Clin Exper Med Sci, 3(6), 71–73. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Kristina-K-3/publication/321192970_Acupuncture_Treatment_for_Sports_Injury-Hamstring_Muscles_Group/links/5a142ab2a6fdcc63d152b9a0/Acupuncture-Treatment-for-Sports-Injury-Hamstring-Muscles-Group.pdf
Bahr, R., & Engebretsen, L. (Eds.). (2009). Sports Injury Prevention (1st ed.). Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781444303612
Brooks, J. H. M., Fuller, C. W., Kemp, S. P. T., & Reddin, D. B. (2006). Incidence, Risk, and Prevention of Hamstring Muscle Injuries in Professional Rugby Union. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 34(8), 1297–1306. https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546505286022
Heiderscheit, B. C., Sherry, M. A., Silder, A., Chumanov, E. S., & Thelen, D. G. (2010). Hamstring Strain Injuries: Recommendations for Diagnosis, Rehabilitation, and Injury Prevention. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy, 40(2), 67–81. https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2010.3047
Lauersen, J. B., Bertelsen, D. M., & Andersen, L. B. (2014). The effectiveness of exercise interventions to prevent sports injuries: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 48(11), 871–877. https://bjsm.bmj.com/content/48/11/871?fbclid=IwAR0qsPV6TUUxk3r6HtTJOqzMYUbo0l5-byVxaDfXs-EEuCjuw94KHirsJzo
Lysens, R., Lefevre, J., Renson, L., & Ostyn, M. (1984). The Predictability of Sports Injuries. A Preliminary Report. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 05(S 1), S153–S155. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2008-1025984
Dervišević, E., & Hadžić, V. (2012). Quadriceps and hamstrings strength in team sports: Basketball, football and volleyball. Isokinetics and Exercise Science, 20(4), 293–300. https://doi.org/10.3233/IES-2012-00483
Sugiura, Y., Sakuma, K., Sakuraba, K., & Sato, Y. (2017). Prevention of Hamstring Injuries in Collegiate Sprinters. Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine, 5(1), 2325967116681524. https://doi.org/10.1177/2325967116681524
Onaka, G. M., Gaspar-Jr, J. J., Graças, D. das, Barbosa, F. S. S., Martinez, P. F., & Oliveira-Junior, S. A. de. (2017). Sports injuries in soccer according to tactical position: a retrospective survey. Fisioterapia Em Movimento, 30, 249–257. https://www.scielo.br/j/fm/a/ctysGqh5n7bNT4psZpMVZnR/
Leppänen, M., Aaltonen, S., Parkkari, J., Heinonen, A., & Kujala, U. M. (2014). Interventions to Prevent Sports Related Injuries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials. Sports Medicine, 44(4), 473–486. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-013-0136-8
Bukhari, B., Ghaffar, H. A., Hashim, A., Sheeraz, M., & Ali, S. (2020). Risk Factors Associated With Recurrent Hamstring Injuries in Sports Athletes: Risk Factors of Recurrent Hamstring Injuries. THE THERAPIST (Journal of Therapies & Rehabilitation Sciences), 14–19. http://thetherapist.com.pk/index.php/tt/article/view/12
Bisciotti, G. N., Chamari, K., Cena, E., Carimati, G., Bisciotti, A., Bisciotti, A., Quaglia, A., & Volpi, P. (2019). Hamstring Injuries Prevention in Soccer: A Narrative Review of Current Literature. Joints, 07(03), 115–126. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1712113
Bencardino, J. T., & Mellado, J. M. (2005). Hamstring injuries of the hip. Magnetic Resonance Imaging Clinics, 13(4), 677–690. https://www.mri.theclinics.com/article/S1064-9689(05)00095-4/abstract
Schuermans, J., Van Tiggelen, D., Danneels, L., & Witvrouw, E. (2016). Susceptibility to Hamstring Injuries in Soccer: A Prospective Study Using Muscle Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 44(5), 1276–1285. https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546515626538
Abou Elmagd, M. (2016). Common sports injuries. International Journal of Physical Education, Sports and Health, 3(5), 142–148. https://www.dkinjuryclinic.com/v2/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/3-4-74-161.pdf
Linklater, J., Hamilton, B., Carmichael, J., Orchard, J., & Wood, D. (2010). Hamstring Injuries: Anatomy, Imaging, and Intervention. Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology, 14(02), 131–161. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0030-1253157
Thorborg, K., Opar, D., & Shield, A. (Eds.). (2020). Prevention and Rehabilitation of Hamstring Injuries. Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31638-9
